Sutures are placed to reposition the gum tissue to reduce the gum “pocket” for proper oral hygieneĪ gingivectomy is a straightforward procedure that removes excess gum tissue.ĭuring the surgery, an oral surgeon, a periodontist, or a dentist cuts the overgrown gum tissue.Any remaining debris is flushed out, and the area may be treated with antibiotics, medications, or grafting material.Your gums are carefully folded back to remove the inflamed tissue and calculus on the tooth’s root surface.A small incision is made into your gums, which separates the gum tissue from your teeth.Your periodontist administers local anesthesia to numb the treated area.In general, the surgical removal of excess gum tissue consists of the following steps: It can also treat most cases of gingival hyperplasia. Periodontal flap surgery repairs damage caused by periodontal disease (advanced gum disease). Poorly fitting dental prosthesis, including partial denturesĭepending on the severity of gingival enlargement, your dentist may recommend one or more of the following treatments: Periodontal (Gum) Flap Surgery.Lingering bad breath, which may not disappear after brushing.Sudden teeth misalignment, also called malocclusion.Gum recession, which is when the gums pull away from the teeth.Loose or sensitive teeth when consuming hot or cold substances.Bleeding gums, typically while brushing.Inflammation around the teeth, which can also extend under the gums.The most common signs of periodontitis include: However, as the disease progresses, the symptoms will become more obvious. The early stages of gum disease are difficult to notice because people do not feel any pain. It is caused by plaque buildup below the gum line. Periodontal disease, also called periodontitis or gum disease, is an inflammatory disease that affects the gums, bones, and surrounding tissues. Gingival hyperplasia can lead to periodontal disease (if left untreated). It can be caused by three main issues: inflammation, medication, or systemic disease. The term gingival enlargement is a more accurate description of the condition. Hypertrophy just means an increase in the overall size of the individual cells. In other words, hyperplasia occurs when the size of the gingiva increases. Gingival hyperplasia refers to the increase in the number of cells, while gingival hypertrophy refers to the increase in cell size. This type of gingival enlargement occurs more often in those with poor oral hygiene. The gingival tissues may be firm, fibrous, and bleed easily. Non-inflamed gingival hyperplasia typically causes your gums to turn dark red or purple. Gingival hyperplasia does not always cause inflammation. Orthodontic treatment may be necessary if this occurs. In addition, gum tissue overgrowth can shift your teeth out of place. This makes your teeth difficult to clean, potentially leading to gum disease and cavities. If left untreated, your gums can begin to fully cover your teeth, causing poor oral hygiene. This condition also negatively impacts your oral health standing. Gingival hyperplasia is often a painful condition that can cause the following: Blood disorders and certain cancers, such as lymphoma, leukemia, and anemia.Systemic diseases, such as sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, neurofibromatosis, Kaposi sarcoma, acromegaly, amyloidosis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.Gingival overgrowth can also be caused by other health conditions, including: Acute leukemia is when a group of blood cancers affects the bone marrow and lymphatic system. Gingival hyperplasia can indicate acute leukemia if other cancer symptoms are present. As a result, the gums enlarge and slowly grow over the teeth. Genetic factors can cause rare types of gingival overgrowth that form during childhood.įor example, hereditary gingival fibromatosis results in an overproduction of collagen. Good oral hygiene reduces the chance of developing oral conditions during puberty and pregnancy. It is a minor, reversible form of gum disease that can lead to periodontitis (if left untreated). Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums. This is because a sudden boost in hormones can increase inflammation in the body. Hormonal changes that occur during puberty and pregnancy can cause gingival hyperplasia. Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of certain drugs, including: Whether they had gingival inflammation before taking medications.Drug-Induced Gingival Hyperplasiaĭrug-induced gingival overgrowth is linked to: Gingival enlargement can also be caused by other factors, including: 1. Long-term bad oral hygiene and poor plaque control are common risk factors for gingival hyperplasia. Plaque, calculus, and harmful bacteria in the mouth can cause almost every oral condition. 5 Potential Causes of Gingival Hyperplasia
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